The uninterrupted line of ancestors of the House of Liechtenstein began
with Heinrich I von Liechtenstein, who died in 1265. In 1608, Karl von Liechtenstein was elevated from the emperor to hereditary territorial princely status.
Until 1938, the Princes of Liechtenstein lived in Vienna and Moravia. They served in important functions in the military and diplomacy of the Habsburg monarchy and administered their extensive estates in Lower Austria, Bohemia, Silesia, and Moravia.
In 1938, Reigning Prince Franz Josef II was the first Reigning Prince to take up permanent residence in Liechtenstein. Upon his death on 13 November 1989, his son Hans-Adam II became Reigning Prince.